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What are the types of cancers expected to benefit from EXO technology?ExoProTher Solution is applicable to any case of p53 gene mutation. Such mutations can appear in any cancer type and, according to the statistics, are detected in about 60% of human cancers. In some cancers types, such as glioblastoma (brain cancer), p53 mutation is highly prevalent and is detected in approximately 90% of cases. In other cancer types, such asprostate cancer, prevalence of p53 mutation is much lower. Up until now we obtained positive results in following cancer types: glioblastoma, melanoma, colon cancer, small cell lung cancer.
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What would be the expected method of administration to treat each type of cancer?In general, our drug can be injected systemically (intravenous injection). For some cancer types additional ways of administration are possible. For example, for glioblastoma treatment EXO can be delivered using simple inhalation, which is completely noninvasive. Inhalation is possible since our nanoparticles that carry the therapeutic agent can pass thought the brain blood barrier (BBB) and reach the brain. In case of lung cancer, inhalation is also applicable, while for melanoma topical application may be used.
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Is it a single treatment or is it eventually a lifelong pharmacologic process?Duration of the treatment will depend on type and stage of the disease. It also will depend on whether the treatment with EXO is accompanied by other anti-cancer drugs. Optimization of treatment schemes is part of the clinical development plan.
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Will the ExoProTher solution be effective for everyone? Children and adults? Young and old?Yes, the age does not matter. Our solution is effective in any case of cancer with p53 mutation. Due to very low toxicity, we believe that EXO will be highly beneficial to pediatric patients.
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Why is the ExoProTher solution so effective?Our solution is based on a natural mechanism that developed thought millions of years of evolution. We harness the power of natural nano-particles, called exosomes, as vehicles to deliver functional p53 protein to cancer cells.
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The ExoProTher solution sounds very promising, why hasn’t it been done before?"The nature of our innovation is based on unique observation and development of unique methods of utilization. Our direct approach was never been experimented before.
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Will the natural function of p53 protein be expected to be restored after the ExoProTher treatment?P53 mutation is not happening in all cells throughout the body. The mutated cells are prone to malignancies development. ExoProTher treatment restores p53 anti-tumor activity in those particular cells and drives them to apoptosis - programmed cell death. In other cells in the body this aforementioned mechanism stays intact.
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Can you explain the ExoProTher solution in a simple way?All healthy animal cells possess an ability to fix DNA mutations by themselves. This mechanism protects our bodies from cancer throughout our lives. A specific protein called p53 orchestrates this process. As soon as mutation appears in a cell, p53 induces a molecular cascade to prevent cancer development. P53 has various ways to do so: in case the mutation can be fixed, p53 initiates a process of repair; in case when the mutation cannot be fixed, p53 drives the cell into apoptosis, causing the mutated cell to die. Based on the aforementioned properties, p53 protein considered as guardian of the genome. The problem appears when the gene encoding p53 itself undergoes a mutation. In such a case the guardian of the genome is no more functional, and any further mutation can easily develop into cancer. We found a way to supply healthy p53 protein to cancer cells using natural nano-particles, called exosomes. Exosomes can be injected into the blood stream. As soon as they reach cancer cells the guardian of the genome function is restored, and the cancer cell ultimately will die.
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What do you mean by “Treatment Inspired by Evolution”?Exposure to UV radiation is the main factor that causes skin cells to become cancer cells (read more here). Both basal cell and squamous cell cancers (the most common types of skin cancer) tend to be found on sun-exposed parts of the body, and their occurrence is typically related to lifetime sun exposure. How is it possible that in our eyes, that are constantly exposed to the UV radiation, the cancer occurrence is so rare (especially in the cornea)? The answer to this question lies in a newly discovered ancient evolutionary mechanism. Recently, it has been found that corneal epithelial cells possess substantial amount of tumor suppressor protein p53. P53 protein known as a guardian of the genome and serves as basis of an anti- cancer protectionmechanism in all animals. But the story doesn’t end here. In corneal epithelial cells, p53 is packed in natural nanoparticles, called exosomes, and is transferred to the neighbor cells where it also prevents cancer formation. This mechanism developed throughmillions of years of evolution and can be found in all modern vertebrae. ExoProTher harnesses this local mechanism for systemic use and healing cancer through the entire body.
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What is the science behind the ExoProTher treatment?Our approach to treating cancer involves a highly-researched mechanism that is compromised in many forms of cancer. P53 is a tumor suppressor protein crucial to maintaining the genetic stability of human and animal DNA. In most cancers, the gene encoding the p53 protein is inactive, allowing a tumor cell to rapidly accumulate mutations and become malignant. Our treatment restores p53 function in cancerous cells by delivering an abundance of the p53 protein alongside a unique complex of tumor suppressor factors harvested from p53-rich animal tissues. Our therapeutic payload is carried in nanoparticles called exosomes, which can even reach beyond the blood-brain barrier. These exosomes are an especially effective treatment delivery vehicle because they are non-toxic and non-immunogenic.
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What is the meaning of the name “ExoProTher”?Our company is named after the three fundamentals of our cancer treatment: Exosomes, Protein Therapy. EXO – exosomes, vesicles, a type of native nano-particles delivering specific cargo from parent cell to recipient cells. Their content may promote disease, but may as well be therapeutic, depending on their origin. PRO - stands for functional wild type p53 protein in complex with other tumor suppressor factors. Usually, p53 is ubiquitized (degraded) by MDM2 protein and is not detectable in healthy cells. Specific tissues uniquely lack MDM2 which leads to abundance of p53. Moreover, vesicles originating from such cells carry p53. THER - stands for the therapeutic application of such vesicles. Today, potential of exosomes as treatment delivery vehicle has been widely recognized in multiple clinical applications. Oncology is certainly one of them
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What’s so unique about the ExoProTher treatment?This is the first and currently the only solution harnessing the power of native exosomes to deliver functional p53 protein and other tumor suppressor factors to cancer cells. The p53 protein’s role in cancer is one of the most researched topics in oncology, with numerous attempts to restore its function in recent decades. Our approach differs from others due to our ability to deliver an abundance of healthy p53 through naturally-occurring exosomes. This allows us to overcome many of the drawbacks that have held back other approaches, such as specificity to certain cancers or certain mutations and low efficacy. Our treatment has the potential to be effective in 60% of known cancers, giving it a wider spectrum of action.
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Are there any other similar solution?No. ExoProTher solution is unique. There are other companies working on restoration of p53 function, but they are pursuing completely different approaches.
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What is the current research phase of the ExoProTher treatment?We are currently conducting pre-clinical testing involving several types of cancer. We achieved amazing results in multiple, most deadly cancer types, such as glioblastoma, colon and small cell lung cancers.
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What can be done to speed up the development process?The speed of development process significantly depends on funding. In addition, we are working to expedite FDA regulations by applying to the “life-saving” approval path.
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Does ExoProTher has any registered patent?Yes, and we are actively working on additional patents During the second part of 2019 our core technology patent entered the national phase and was submitted for registration in multiple countries.
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What is estimated market size for ExoProTher solutions?The global oncology/cancer drugs market is estimated to reach at $155.6 billion by 2025, according to recent report by Transparency Market Research [https://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/anticancer-drugs-market.html].
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How do I make an investment in ExoProTher?We are inviting potential investors to contact us directly through the emails provided at the contact page of this website.
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